A HOLISTIC AI-DRIVEN ENERGY-EFFICIENT IOT FRAMEWORK FOR SMART AGRICULTURE USING MULTI-RESOURCE OPTIMIZATION

Gunawan Budi Sulistyo; Nani Purwati; Tri Wahyudi; Noor Hasan

doi:10.34288/jri.v8i3.525

Authors

Gunawan Budi Sulistyo Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika
Nani Purwati Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika
Tri Wahyudi
Noor Hasan

(*) Corresponding Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.34288/jri.v8i3.525

Keywords:

Smart Agriculture, Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence, Energy Efficiency

Abstract

The rapid adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies has accelerated the development of smart agriculture systems. However, existing studies predominantly focus on single-resource optimization and lack integrated artificial intelligence (AI) approaches within distributed architectures, resulting in suboptimal system-wide performance. This study proposes an AI-driven energy-efficient IoT framework that integrates the Random Forest algorithm with an edge–fog–cloud computing architecture to enable holistic multi-resource optimization. A quantitative simulation-based approach was employed using soil moisture data from the NASA SMAP dataset, with a case study in Magelang, Indonesia. The system was evaluated using key performance metrics, including energy consumption, network latency, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and water usage efficiency. The results demonstrate significant improvements, including a 28.65% reduction in energy consumption, a 31.43% decrease in latency, an increase in PDR to 96.8%, and a 20.3% improvement in water usage efficiency. Statistical validation confirms that these improvements are significant (p < 0.05). The main contribution of this study lies in the development of a holistic AI-driven IoT framework that simultaneously optimizes energy, water, computation, and communication without trade-offs. The proposed approach offers a scalable, adaptive, and efficient solution for real-world smart agriculture systems.

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Author Biography

Gunawan Budi Sulistyo, Universitas Bina Sarana Informatika

Gunawan Budi Sulistyo

The author, born in Magelang on May 18, 1972, is a lecturer at the Faculty of Engineering and Informatics at Bina Informatika University. He is interested in Artificial Intelligence, Data Mining, Software Engineering, and Image Processing. The author has written books, "Creating a Website with the CodeIgniter Framework: A Case Study of Library Information Systems" (2013), and "Computer Networks" (2014). He has also won a national competition in the Student Creativity Program (PKM) scheme once. He has also published several of his research results in accredited national journals.

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